A name declared within a member function hides a declaration of
the same name whose scope extends to or past the end of the member function's
class.
When the scope of a declaration extends to or past the end of
a class definition, the regions defined by the member definitions of that
class are included in the scope of the class. Members defined lexically outside
of the class are also in this scope. In addition, the scope of the declaration
includes any portion of the declarator following the identifier in the member
definitions.
The name of a class member has
class scope and can only
be used in the following cases:
- In a member function of that class
- In a member function of a class derived from that class
- After the . (dot) operator applied to an instance of
that class
- After the . (dot) operator applied to an instance of
a class derived from that class, as long as the derived class does not hide
the name
- After the -> (arrow) operator applied to a pointer
to an instance of that class
- After the -> (arrow) operator applied to a pointer
to an instance of a class derived from that class, as long as the derived
class does not hide the name
- After the :: (scope resolution) operator applied to the
name of a class
- After the :: (scope resolution) operator applied to a
class derived from that class