Include the iostreams standard header <iomanip> to define several manipulators that each take a single argument. Each of these manipulators returns an unspecified type, called T1 through T6 here, that overloads both basic_istream<E, T>::operator>> and basic_ostream<E, T>::operator<<. Thus, you can write extractors and inserters such as:
cin >> setbase(8); cout << setbase(8);
namespace std {
T1 resetiosflags(ios_base::fmtflags mask);
T2 setiosflags(ios_base::fmtflags mask);
T3 setbase(int base);
template<class E>
T4 setfill(E c);
T5 setprecision(streamsize n);
T6 setw(streamsize n);
}
T1 resetiosflags(ios_base::fmtflags mask);
The manipulator returns an object that, when extracted from or inserted into the stream str, calls str.setf(ios_base:: fmtflags(), mask), then returns str.
T3 setbase(int base);
The manipulator returns an object that, when extracted from or inserted into the stream str, calls str.setf(mask, ios_base::basefield), then returns str. Here, mask is determined as follows:
template<class E>
T4 setfill(E fillch);
The template manipulator returns an object that, when extracted from or inserted into the stream str, calls str.fill(fillch), then returns str. The type E must be the same as the element type for the stream str.
T2 setiosflags(ios_base::fmtflags mask);
The manipulator returns an object that, when extracted from or inserted into the stream str, calls str.setf(mask), then returns str.
T5 setprecision(streamsize prec);
The manipulator returns an object that, when extracted from or inserted into the stream str, calls str.precision(prec), then returns str.
T6 setw(streamsize wide);
The manipulator returns an object that, when extracted from or inserted into the stream str, calls str.width(wide), then returns str.
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